mille feuille

April 1944 Popular Photography ads

Toronto. In the spring of 1944, it seemed as if everyone wanted to make photographic paper, especially the fast variety suitable for enlarging (slower contact paper worked but took minutes of exposure, not seconds). In the 1950s, only the larger establishments could sell Kodak papers, all smaller studios and shops sold ‘off brands’. This included Ilford at the time. I tried Ilford back then, but sample photos were hard to find so it was a bit of a pig-in-a-poke situation. I stuck with Kodak.

Papers varied in sensitivity, weight, surface, contrast (grade), etc. Some makers, like the mighty Eastman-Kodak had readily available sample sheets to help the professional or enthusiastic amateur choose a paper. Years later, Ilford pushed black and white material and had a gorgeous sample book for their two paper product lines (Ilfobrom and Ilfomar). Ilford films, paper  filters, and chemistry, all for black and white exposures took off due to their well thought out and systematic approaches. For example, instead of storing a number of different paper grades for any given product, you needed just ONE Ilford paper. Every paper had the full gamut of grades so a simple filter change in the enlarger was used instead.

A tip of the hat to George Dunbar for suggesting these ads for alternatives to enlarging paper from the Great Yellow Father. In the end, It came down to mostly Kodak or Agfa for colour paper and mostly Ilford for black and white paper.

NB. The post title means ‘thousand sheets’ and comes from a delightful French pastry. I first enjoyed mille feuille over sixty years ago in Montreal with my morning coffee. You can make a modern version with this preppy kitchen recipe.

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the woman and the car

Off to Winterport, Maine c1910 in a flivver

Toronto. Even as a youth, I looked to my father as the car driver, owner, and mechanic. Mom never learned how to drive – it was considered unladylike.  It was a male oriented world. A woman who drove a car even mid last century was a rarity – and one who repaired an automobile even more so!

In 1909, a company in London England (and New York, USA) called the John Lane Company, published the ‘motoring’ text you see below, especially written for women. The little volume is “illustrated by photographs specially taken … by Mr. Horace W. Nicholls”. Amongst my stuff was a wallet-sized paper print as shown above. A quartet was on their way by automobile to Winterport when one stepped out to photograph the event. Two things struck me: the driver shown was a woman; and my print was reversed (I corrected this electronically as well as adding some contrast).

The illustration below is from the book (including the photograph by Foulsham & Banfield, Ltd.). The bool was discovered and shared with me by my good friend George Dunbar. The photo was chosen by the author, Ms Dorothy Levitt who lived her life in the UK and often went to Europe. In her book, she recommends a one cylinder, 8 horse power, De Dion motor car and explains why. I was surprised at how many things were considered accessories back then and not sold as part of the vehicle.

You can read the book here or even download it for free, but please note the following statement – “This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license.

A century ago automobiles were an adventure. You didn’t just hop in and drive away, you had to learn how to start, maintain and drive the beastly machines. Not for the faint of heart!

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a sharper kind of light

Tiny Red Bud seeds – some infected with weevils.

Toronto. Photography demands light, but so do other optical devices such as light microscopes. The resolution limit of light microscopes has usually been the light itself, forcing a transition to other devices such as an electron microscope if increased resolution is needed. However, the higher resolution can only take place if the subject matter is in a vacuum – not so good for living things.

Down at the U of C in San Diego, Science Daily states, “Engineers have developed a technology that turns a conventional light microscope into what’s called a super-resolution microscope.

“It improves the microscope’s resolution (from 200 nm to 40 nm) so that it can be used to directly observe finer structures and details in living cells.”

I took the photograph at left. It shows tiny seeds from the Red Bud tree. Some of the seeds are infected with weevils. Perhaps some day such a technique will allow ordinary close-up photographs like this one to benefit from much higher resolution too…

My thanks to PHSC member Russ Forfar, a long time fan of science, for the suggestion and link. N.B. At one time I collected light microscopes and related books as well as cameras, photographs and ephemera.

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brick by brick

Folder print. Chimney making by bricklayers. Taken outdoors.

Toronto. The photograph at left was faded and damaged, but I still bought it (cheap) at the Thornhill, Ontario Antique place the end of July, 1976 because it was unusual.

Firstly, it was taken out doors and secondly it showed workmen and a work environment. The location and photographer have been lost over time. It looks like a chimney was being built for a ‘summer’ kitchen at the back of the house, perhaps replacing the stove pipe jutting out of a window.

The clothing suggests early 1900s for the date.

Note that the post title is a riff on a line from an old vaudeville routine made most popular by the Three Stooges in 1944.

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feeling liverish?

CDV of young lady taken at the Livernois Studio, Quebec City c1890

Toronto. Well, in the late 1800s/early 1900s in Quebec City that likely meant you had an urge to have a likeness taken at the Livernois Studio. Many of the photographs taken by the Livernois family can be found at the  “centre d’archives de Quebec” in the “fonds J E Livernois Ltee”.

Click the archive link above to practice your French and to browse the astonishing number of images. The Livernois studio alone has some 109,000 negatives (on glass, nitrate and acetate), and  prints!

The likeness of the young lady in the CDV portrait at left was captured in the late 1800s when J E Livernois ran the family business. Click on the above studio link to read the family history and see some example photos from the fonds. The samples include the Livernois studio c1900 (also online in the fonds). The family opened a pharmacy on the ground floor of the studio building …

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after one and a quarter …

Toronto. Hard to imagine, but the PHSC executive held its fifteenth monthly meeting by ZOOM! We cannot get into our North York Memorial Hall venue before September. All events are in abeyance just now but there is real hope on the horizon. Read the image file below and our PHSC News newsletter for program information. I will post all auction, fair, trunk, and image show details as soon as they are released.

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brave new world again

Kodak ad in January 1944 issue of Popular Photography magazine

Toronto. Well into WW2, Kodak took this ad out in the January 1944 issue of Popular Photography showing how research by their labs resulted in lens technology that out performed the German industry and led to superior fire power when American airplanes bombed the Axis ships.

This ad was found by my good friend George Dunbar who has kindly shared it here. As history shows, Kodak did make many fine lenses mid last century, but post war, the Germans regained their lead and were later matched, not by Kodak, but by Japan.

Later last century, Japan and Japanese optical firms routed most of the German optical industry. Today, in the era of the smart phone, most people no longer care who makes the lens or camera that is built into their mobile device.

Note: British writer Aldous Huxley published his novel, “Brave New World” in 1931. I used the same title for this post. I must have been very impressed by the title since it is the FOURTH time I used it in a post title.

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Kalart saves the day

The Kalart synchronizer for Graflex – 1944 ad

Toronto. When I was a kid, I saw small ads in the American photography magazines of the day for a Kalart rangefinder to bolt on to a press camera. The strange name caught my eye.

This particular ad is for a Kalart flash bulb synchronizer gadget that custom-attaches to a Graflex to permit use of shutter  speeds above 1/500th (up to?) second with bulbs. George Dunbar came across this novel war time ad in the March 1944 issue of Popular Photography.

The arrangement uses the focal plane shutter and must be factory installed.  As far as I know, the only bulbs that worked with focal plane shutters at all speeds were the FP bulbs.

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Kodak shows its mettle

October 1942 ad for Kodak and its achievements in photography

Toronto. I often make derogatory sounding comments about Kodak, but the company was a force in the industry and for many decades a true leader. Few others had the support and customer base to create new film sizes. In fact the very popular single use 35mm film cassette was created by August Nagel at Kodak in Europe and adopted world-wide.

Kodak became synonymous with films and inexpensive cameras. The cameras helped sell Kodak films and other disposable photographic products that added significantly to the company’s bottom line. The above ad from the October, 1942 issue of Popular Photography lists many of the significant contributions the company made to photography and the many, many medals received by its laboratories for front line research of topics related to the future of our art.

This ad is just one of the many contributions to photographic history uncovered by my good friend George Dunbar. Well done, George!

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a positive spin on WW2

Wartime ad for ILEX optical products in Popular Photography

Toronto. Ilex of Rochester NY ran this ad in the February 1944 issue of Popular Photography. The company bravely said, “When war clouds clear **look to Ilex”. The Ilex Optical Company in Rochester made “lenses, shutters, gunsights, and other precision optical equipment” for the American war effort “on many battlefronts”.

According to Kingslake, Ilex was formed in 1910/11/12 as a spin off from Bausch & Lomb and stayed active at least to the publication of  a brochure “The Rochester Camera and Lens Companies” by the then tiny but important TPHS of Rochester in 1974.

Sadly, Ilex seems to have faded away post war in the face of better known brands. One source suggests it was gone by the mid 1980s … We seldom see Ilex products at our fairsor auctions.

We owe a big thanks to fellow PHSC member, George Dunbar, for sharing this ad and its nostalgia regarding one of the old continental European emigrant based optical firms of Rochester, NY.

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