{"id":9988,"date":"2017-11-10T08:32:15","date_gmt":"2017-11-10T12:32:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/?p=9988"},"modified":"2017-11-08T21:32:55","modified_gmt":"2017-11-09T01:32:55","slug":"another-revolution-world-wide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/another-revolution-world-wide\/","title":{"rendered":"another revolution world wide"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>

Leitz Student Microscope in 1900. The model V stand cost $12 and was made for students and schools.<\/p><\/div>\n

Toronto<\/strong>. In November of 1994, I bought this student microscope from Gord Reithmeier. Made about 1900, it is unusual in the excellent condition of the stand and its wooden box. Originally sold complete for $12 US, it is occasionally seen for sale. However, examples are often rather battered having been submitted to the hands of many careless and clumsy students.<\/p>\n

What is unique about this model (and other old Leitz instruments) is the fact that its parts were interchangeable. No need to send it to the factory for repair, a broken part could be ordered and replaced locally.<\/p>\n

In the mid 1850s, Carl Kellner in Wetzlar, Germany \u00a0hired a young Ernst Leitz to improve his microscopes and other optical instruments. Leitz began a process of standardization so any part of a stand or lens could be interchanged without resorting to unique one-off hand creation in the factory. A few years after Leitz arrived, Kellner’s Optical Institute in Wetzlar became the Ernst Leitz Optical Institute, famous for its microscopes and after 1924, its Leica cameras and lenses.<\/p>\n

This all came back to me when I saw in Wednesday morning’s Globe an op ed article “Where profit trumps peace<\/em><\/a>” by Iain Overton. It was in part about the 1851 meeting between Samuel Colt and the Institute of Civil Engineers in London. Colt’s fresh egg<\/em>, like that of Leitz was to standardize parts to make (in this case) hand-gun manufacture less costly.<\/p>\n

In many ways, the transformation of industry by standardization and automation brought in to play the second industrial revolution<\/a>. Cameras and photographic lenses from the late 1800s on benefited from this philosophy of standardization.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Toronto. In November of 1994, I bought this student microscope from Gord Reithmeier. Made about 1900, it is unusual in the excellent condition of the stand and its wooden box. Originally sold complete for $12 US, it is occasionally seen … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,10],"tags":[398,1540,63,401,512,1541,1539],"class_list":["post-9988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-activities-other","category-events","tag-camera","tag-colt","tag-leitz","tag-lens","tag-microscope","tag-microscope-model-v","tag-standardization"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9988"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9993,"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9988\/revisions\/9993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phsc.ca\/camera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}